SN/T 1040-2002 出口动物毒素（东亚钳蝎毒）检验方法
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基本信息
| 标准名称： | 出口动物毒素（东亚钳蝎毒）检验方法 |
| 英文名称： | Examination methods of animal toxin(Venom of the Scorpion Buthus martensii)for export |
| 中标分类： | 医药、卫生、劳动保护 >> 医药 >> 生物制品与血液制品 |
| 发布部门： | 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局 |
| 发布日期： | 2002-01-16 |
| 实施日期： | 2002-06-01 |
| 首发日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 作废日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 起草单位： | 国家认证认可监督管理委员会 |
| 出版日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 页数： | 平装16开， 页数：13， 字数：20千字 |
适用范围
本标准规定了出口动物毒素的抽样、制样、感官检验、毒素鉴别、水份、不溶物质、蛋白质含量、酶活性的测定及急性毒性试验方法。本标准适用于东亚钳蝎毒冻干粉的检验。其中水分、不溶物质、蛋白质含量测定及急性毒性试验方法亦适用于其他类动物毒素的检验。
前言
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目录
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引用标准
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所属分类： 医药 卫生 劳动保护 医药 生物制品与血液制品
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【英文标准名称】:Safetyofpackagingmachines-Part8:Strappingmachines;EnglishversionofDINEN415-8:2008-06
【原文标准名称】:包装机械的安全性.第8部分:捆包机
【标准号】:DINEN415-8-2008
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:2008-10-01
【实施或试行日期】:2008-10-01
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DE-DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:事故预防;清洁处理0;意外事故的危险;危险点;定义;设计;伤害危险;危害;健康危害;箍环;环形箍带;使用说明书;维修;人机;作标记;机械工程;噪声辐射;噪声降低;职业安全;包装件;包装;包装机械;危险防护;保护措施;安全;安全措施;机械安全;安全要求;声压级;规范(验收);捆包机;测试;运输包装;用户信息;验证;工作场所安全
【英文主题词】:Accidentprevention;Cleaning;Dangerofaccident;Dangerousspots;Definition;Definitions;Design;Hazardtoinjuries;Hazards;Healthhazards;Hooping;Hoopingstrap;Instructionsforuse;Maintenance;Man-machine;Marking;Mechanicalengineering;Noiseemissions;Noisereduction;Occupationalsafety;Packages;Packaging;Packagingmachines;Protectionagainstdanger;Protectivemeasures;Safety;Safetymeasures;Safetyofmachinery;Safetyrequirements;Soundpressurelevel;Specification(approval);Strappingmachines;Testing;Transportpacking;Userinformation;Verification;Workplacesafety
【摘要】:ThisEuropeanStandardappliestothefollowinggroupsofmachines:--poweredhandstrappingtools;--semi-automaticstrappingmachines;--automaticstrappingmachines;--horizontalpalletstrappingmachines;--verticalpalletstrappingmachines.Theindividualmachinesaredescribedin3.3.ThisEuropeanStandarddealswithsafetyrequirementsformachinedesign,construction,installation,commissioning,operation,adjustment,maintenanceandcleaningofstrappingmachines.Theextenttowhichhazards,hazardoussituationsandeventsarecovered,areindicatedinClause4.ExclusionsThisEuropeanStandardisnotapplicabletothefollowingmachines:--strappingtoolsthatarepoweredexclusivelybymanualeffort;--strappingmachinesthatweremanufacturedbeforethedateofpublicationofthisdocumentbyCEN.ThisEuropeanStandarddoesnotconsiderthefollowinghazards:--theuseofstrappingmachinesinpotentiallyexplosiveatmospheres;--thehealth,safetyorhygienehazardsassociatedwiththeproductsthatmaybehandledbythemachines,butdoesincludegeneraladviceonthissubject;--hazardsthatcanbeassociatedwithelectromagneticemissionsfromstrappingmachines;--hazardsthatcanbeassociatedwithdecommissioningstrappingmachines.
【中国标准分类号】:A84
【国际标准分类号】:55_200
【页数】:77P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforHotSpotProtectionTestingofPhotovoltaicModules
【原文标准名称】:光电模块的热点保护试验的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTME2481-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E44.09
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:solar;energy;photovoltaics;modules;electricaltesting;hotspot;Electricaltests;Hotspots;Photovoltaic(PV)powersystems;Solarmaterials/applications;Testing
【摘要】:Thedesignofaphotovoltaicmoduleorsystemintendedtoprovidesafeconversionofthesun''sradiantenergyintousefulelectricitymusttakeintoconsiderationthepossibilityofpartialshadowingofthemodule(s)duringoperation.Thistestmethoddescribesaprocedureforverifyingthatthedesignandconstructionofthemoduleprovidesadequateprotectionagainstthepotentialharmfuleffectsofhotspotsduringnormalinstallationanduse.Thistestmethoddescribesaprocedurefordeterminingtheabilityofthemoduletoprovideprotectionfrominternaldefectswhichcouldcauselossofelectricalinsulationorcombustionhazards.Hot-spotheatingoccursinamodulewhenitsoperatingcurrentexceedsthereducedshort-circuitcurrent(Isc)ofashadowedorfaultycellorgroupofcells.Whensuchaconditionoccurs,theaffectedcellorgroupofcellsisforcedintoreversebiasandmustdissipatepower,whichcancauseoverheating.Note18212;Thecorrectuseofbypassdiodescanpreventhotspotdamagefromoccurring.Fig.1illustratesthehot-spoteffectinamoduleofaseriesstringofcells,oneofwhich,cellY,ispartiallyshadowed.TheamountofelectricalpowerdissipatedinYisequaltotheproductofthemodulecurrentandthereversevoltagedevelopedacrossY.Foranyirradiancelevel,whenthereversevoltageacrossYisequaltothevoltagegeneratedbytheremaining(s-1)cellsinthemodule,powerdissipationisatamaximumwhenthemoduleisshort-circuited.ThisisshowninFig.1bytheshadedrectangleconstructedattheintersectionofthereverseI-VcharacteristicofYwiththeimageoftheforwardI-Vcharacteristicofthe(s-1)cells.By-passdiodes,ifpresent,asshowninFig.2,beginconductingwhenaseries-connectedstringinamoduleisinreversebias,therebylimitingthepowerdissipationinthereduced-outputcell.Note28212;Ifthemoduledoesnotcontainbypassdiodes,checkthemanufacturerx2019;sinstructionstoseeifamaximumnumberofseriesmodulesisrecommendedbeforeinstallingbypassdiodes.Ifthemaximumnumberofmodulesrecommendedisgreaterthanone,thehotspottestshouldbepreformedwiththatnumberofmodulesinseries.Forconvenience,aconstantcurrentpowersupplymaybesubstitutedfortheadditionalmodulestomaintainthespecifiedcurrent.Thereversecharacteristicsofsolarcellscanvaryconsiderably.Cellscanhaveeitherhighshuntresistancewherethereverseperformanceisvoltage-limitedorhavelowshuntresistancewherethereverseperformanceiscurrent-limited.Eachofthesetypesofcellscansufferhotspotproblems,butindifferentways.Low-ShuntResistanceCells:Theworstcaseshadowingconditionsoccurwhenthewholecell(oralargefraction)isshadowed.Oftenlowshuntresistancecellsarethiswaybecauseoflocalizedshunts.Inthiscasehotspotheatingoccursbecausealargeamountofcurrentflowsinasmallarea.Becausethisisalocalizedphenomenon,thereisagreatdealofscatterinperformanceofthistypeofcell.Cellswiththelowestshuntresistancehaveahighlikelihoodofoperatingatexcessivelyhightemperatureswhenreversebiased.Becausetheheatingislocalized,hotspotfailuresoflowshuntresistancecellsoccurquickly.HighShuntResistanceCells:Theworstcaseshadowingco.........
【中国标准分类号】:F12
【国际标准分类号】:27_160
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【原文标准名称】:包装机械的安全性.第8部分:捆包机
【标准号】:DINEN415-8-2008
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:2008-10-01
【实施或试行日期】:2008-10-01
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DE-DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:事故预防;清洁处理0;意外事故的危险;危险点;定义;设计;伤害危险;危害;健康危害;箍环;环形箍带;使用说明书;维修;人机;作标记;机械工程;噪声辐射;噪声降低;职业安全;包装件;包装;包装机械;危险防护;保护措施;安全;安全措施;机械安全;安全要求;声压级;规范(验收);捆包机;测试;运输包装;用户信息;验证;工作场所安全
【英文主题词】:Accidentprevention;Cleaning;Dangerofaccident;Dangerousspots;Definition;Definitions;Design;Hazardtoinjuries;Hazards;Healthhazards;Hooping;Hoopingstrap;Instructionsforuse;Maintenance;Man-machine;Marking;Mechanicalengineering;Noiseemissions;Noisereduction;Occupationalsafety;Packages;Packaging;Packagingmachines;Protectionagainstdanger;Protectivemeasures;Safety;Safetymeasures;Safetyofmachinery;Safetyrequirements;Soundpressurelevel;Specification(approval);Strappingmachines;Testing;Transportpacking;Userinformation;Verification;Workplacesafety
【摘要】:ThisEuropeanStandardappliestothefollowinggroupsofmachines:--poweredhandstrappingtools;--semi-automaticstrappingmachines;--automaticstrappingmachines;--horizontalpalletstrappingmachines;--verticalpalletstrappingmachines.Theindividualmachinesaredescribedin3.3.ThisEuropeanStandarddealswithsafetyrequirementsformachinedesign,construction,installation,commissioning,operation,adjustment,maintenanceandcleaningofstrappingmachines.Theextenttowhichhazards,hazardoussituationsandeventsarecovered,areindicatedinClause4.ExclusionsThisEuropeanStandardisnotapplicabletothefollowingmachines:--strappingtoolsthatarepoweredexclusivelybymanualeffort;--strappingmachinesthatweremanufacturedbeforethedateofpublicationofthisdocumentbyCEN.ThisEuropeanStandarddoesnotconsiderthefollowinghazards:--theuseofstrappingmachinesinpotentiallyexplosiveatmospheres;--thehealth,safetyorhygienehazardsassociatedwiththeproductsthatmaybehandledbythemachines,butdoesincludegeneraladviceonthissubject;--hazardsthatcanbeassociatedwithelectromagneticemissionsfromstrappingmachines;--hazardsthatcanbeassociatedwithdecommissioningstrappingmachines.
【中国标准分类号】:A84
【国际标准分类号】:55_200
【页数】:77P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforHotSpotProtectionTestingofPhotovoltaicModules
【原文标准名称】:光电模块的热点保护试验的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTME2481-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E44.09
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:solar;energy;photovoltaics;modules;electricaltesting;hotspot;Electricaltests;Hotspots;Photovoltaic(PV)powersystems;Solarmaterials/applications;Testing
【摘要】:Thedesignofaphotovoltaicmoduleorsystemintendedtoprovidesafeconversionofthesun''sradiantenergyintousefulelectricitymusttakeintoconsiderationthepossibilityofpartialshadowingofthemodule(s)duringoperation.Thistestmethoddescribesaprocedureforverifyingthatthedesignandconstructionofthemoduleprovidesadequateprotectionagainstthepotentialharmfuleffectsofhotspotsduringnormalinstallationanduse.Thistestmethoddescribesaprocedurefordeterminingtheabilityofthemoduletoprovideprotectionfrominternaldefectswhichcouldcauselossofelectricalinsulationorcombustionhazards.Hot-spotheatingoccursinamodulewhenitsoperatingcurrentexceedsthereducedshort-circuitcurrent(Isc)ofashadowedorfaultycellorgroupofcells.Whensuchaconditionoccurs,theaffectedcellorgroupofcellsisforcedintoreversebiasandmustdissipatepower,whichcancauseoverheating.Note18212;Thecorrectuseofbypassdiodescanpreventhotspotdamagefromoccurring.Fig.1illustratesthehot-spoteffectinamoduleofaseriesstringofcells,oneofwhich,cellY,ispartiallyshadowed.TheamountofelectricalpowerdissipatedinYisequaltotheproductofthemodulecurrentandthereversevoltagedevelopedacrossY.Foranyirradiancelevel,whenthereversevoltageacrossYisequaltothevoltagegeneratedbytheremaining(s-1)cellsinthemodule,powerdissipationisatamaximumwhenthemoduleisshort-circuited.ThisisshowninFig.1bytheshadedrectangleconstructedattheintersectionofthereverseI-VcharacteristicofYwiththeimageoftheforwardI-Vcharacteristicofthe(s-1)cells.By-passdiodes,ifpresent,asshowninFig.2,beginconductingwhenaseries-connectedstringinamoduleisinreversebias,therebylimitingthepowerdissipationinthereduced-outputcell.Note28212;Ifthemoduledoesnotcontainbypassdiodes,checkthemanufacturerx2019;sinstructionstoseeifamaximumnumberofseriesmodulesisrecommendedbeforeinstallingbypassdiodes.Ifthemaximumnumberofmodulesrecommendedisgreaterthanone,thehotspottestshouldbepreformedwiththatnumberofmodulesinseries.Forconvenience,aconstantcurrentpowersupplymaybesubstitutedfortheadditionalmodulestomaintainthespecifiedcurrent.Thereversecharacteristicsofsolarcellscanvaryconsiderably.Cellscanhaveeitherhighshuntresistancewherethereverseperformanceisvoltage-limitedorhavelowshuntresistancewherethereverseperformanceiscurrent-limited.Eachofthesetypesofcellscansufferhotspotproblems,butindifferentways.Low-ShuntResistanceCells:Theworstcaseshadowingconditionsoccurwhenthewholecell(oralargefraction)isshadowed.Oftenlowshuntresistancecellsarethiswaybecauseoflocalizedshunts.Inthiscasehotspotheatingoccursbecausealargeamountofcurrentflowsinasmallarea.Becausethisisalocalizedphenomenon,thereisagreatdealofscatterinperformanceofthistypeofcell.Cellswiththelowestshuntresistancehaveahighlikelihoodofoperatingatexcessivelyhightemperatureswhenreversebiased.Becausetheheatingislocalized,hotspotfailuresoflowshuntresistancecellsoccurquickly.HighShuntResistanceCells:Theworstcaseshadowingco.........
【中国标准分类号】:F12
【国际标准分类号】:27_160
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语